The +2-mile steam tunnel supports had been slowly wasted away and one of the branch pipes to a building was wasted away sufficiently to allow the pipe to become partially self-supporting: consequentially, the pipe line sagged ½-pipe diameter in a long branch crawl space. At the lowest section of the branch steam line, condensate collected in the steam pipe. When an steam boiler operator brought the building heat on-line the condensate laying in the steam pipe branch was lift forward and entrained with the steam going to the building and headed to the operator. A large heavy cast fitting that redirected the steam 90-degrees ruptured from the steam condensate water hammer. The steam boiler operator was several feet away when the steam explosion occurred and could not exit the mechanical room fast enough. The steam boiler operator was fatally injured.

A firetube scotch marine boiler (FTSM) at 200-psi was destroyed by a steam explosion (rapid phase transition explosion) which occurred as a result of a low water condition in the boiler when the control and safety devices failed. 

• The steam explosion (rapid phase transition explosion) resulted from instant flash of boiler feed water of approximately 50-gallons on the white-hot furnace corrugated tube
• A steam explosion provided the necessary force that propelled the 30-ton boiler body moved suddenly such that the piping connected to the boiler sheared including the safety valves and the boiler propelled by steam thrusting the boiler forward 77 feet through concert wall, and moving several 2-ton bolted down machines. The six-ton rear door was thrown over 300 feet in the opposite direction

Explosion was caused by the thinning of the internal -compartment- head that collapsed & buckled. The integrity of the welds diminished and thinning of the head were overloaded eventually from normal operating pressures. In other words, the welds had insufficient weld strength to support normal pressure.

Large chemical plant fire from scaffolding being moved and impacting a pit fitting and cracking. The crack was large enough to spray hot oil on a temporary piece of LDPE plastic and auto-igniting creating a fire in the heart of the chemical plant. overloaded eventually from normal operating pressures. In other words, the welds had insufficient weld strength to support normal pressure. The workers had to use at approximately 25-lbf to push the wheeled scaffolding and only 18.4-lbf is all that is required to cause a failure.

A newly installed hot water heating boiler caused a burn related injury when the boiler was brought up to operating temperature where the relief valve lifted and directed scalding hot water on the home owner causing permanent injury, The injury resulted because the discharge pipe was not piped to a safe point and the safety valve lifted because the expansion tank had a leak causing the air cushion to be lost and vented away.

Boiler chimney was installed in a building 15-year before the thimble eventually caused the roof fire. Testing, examination and reconstruction proved the construction method used was poor. The factory built chimney was assembled incorrectly and chimney leaked hot flue gases on roof combustibles. Under a specific atmospheric and building draft conditions the roof auto ignited setting the large building roof on fire.